Publications
Issues of the efficiency of the energy industry are connected with the high cost of energy resources and the negative impact that generating energy has on the environment. The energy industry-related security of the state is closely associated with addressing the demand for domestic energy generation, including the security of such generation. Digitalization in the energy industry is aimed at solving these problems, allowing us to increase efficiency and subsequently improve the security of the electric energy industry. The purpose of this paper is to analyze and identify the directions for the development of digitalization in the energy industry in Russia as a direction of its overall development, ensuring the growth of energy efficiency and of the energy security of the state. It was determined that the “fourth energy transition” is currently taking place globally, being associated with the aim of increasing energy efficiency alongside the digitalization, decentralization, and decarbonisation of energy industry.
During the last decade, international trade has undergone many shocks of different kinds that have dramatically changed the nature of trade itself. Now international trade has come to a triple crossroads.
First, international trade had grown at a higher rate than GDP for many decades, a trend that was interrupted by the global financial and economic crisis in 2010. The recent study of the IMF (2016) cast doubt on whether trade would remain a driving engine of the world economy. It is also unclear how digital technologies might change the features of world trade. Second, the leading nations have responded to the crisis by imposing massive trade restrictions (that the G20 had initially managed to avoid). As a result, the multilateral system of trade regulation has been plunged into a deep crisis.
Finally, global governance in trade itself is at a crossroads, with nationalistic feelings on the rise and the threat looming of widening trade wars. Worse, it remains unclear whether this situation will stabilise any time soon.
The article examines the current transformation of ASEAN−UK foreign economic cooperation pattern in the context of digitalization of the global economy. Brexit as a manifestation of the European integration crisis has catalyzed diversification of Britain’s foreign trade in services. Southeast Asian nations are becoming the UK’s priority partner in this area. In these circumstances, parties have to choose the model of their future trade agreement and the degree of trade liberalization.
The article presents the results of a study aimed at identifying universities’ resources and competencies interrelated with their export activities, and at analyzing these interrelations. To achieve this purpose, the indicators of university activities over a four-year period and the dynamics of their changes are analysed. With the help of panel data analysis methods, the relationships between quantitative indicators characterizing the resources, universities’ competencies, and the results of their export activities are estimated. The annual performance indicators of 589 Russian universities are analyzed through four academic years – from the 2013/14 up to the 2016/17. Over the indicated period, 74 % of the universities included in the sample increased the number of foreign students, this growth in most cases being unstable if taken year by year. The universities with positive changes in the number of foreign students show the following resources and competencies: the development of incoming students’ international academic mobility; international teaching staff and a high level of their qualifications; partnership with enterprises for organizing student practice; international cooperation in research. The results of the study may be of interest for universities planning to develop the export of educational services and making decisions on the implementation of measures aimed at attracting foreign students. The paper analyzes the performance of universities having the necessary data for four years in open access. For further research, the list of analyzed indicators can be expanded, with the values of indicators considered for a longer period of time.
«The Future of the Eurasian Economic Union: Economic Digitalization and the Youth» is the topic of the Annual Report 2019 of the Integration Club under the Speaker of the Russian Federation Council. Over the 5 years since the Treaty on the Eurasian Economic Union was signed on May 29, 2014, the EEU has proved its efficiency for the member states and also has earned an important position among world’s regional integration groupings. In particular, this can be seen by the surge of the third countries interest in cooperation with the EEU. To maintain such a positive dynamics it is needed today to define the future development direction of the Eurasian integration. For that purpose greater attention should be given to the work in the sphere of the digitalization of the EEU economy and implementation by the member states the youth policy which could respond to present day challenges. In this context, the aim of politicians, scientists and experts is to find the appropriate solutions to provide connection between these two large processes. The opinions and estimates by the Integration Club members on that topic as well as the club events papers and the articles provided by the leading universities, think tanks and state authorities are presented in the report. The report would be helpful for those interested in the Eurasian integration and its prospect in today’s world.
Abstract. The contemporary world market abounds in companies varying in their competitive behaviour which represents their objectives and specific activity. The article shows that among various types of economic activity connected with digitalization as the most important trend of economic development a special place belongs to high technology, and market conditions are determined by businesses which make use of such technologies. As a rule, these businesses have the best performance and take top positions of the ratings based on a wide range of parameters. The authors assume that use of artificial intelligence gradually becomes a significant factor determining a company’s success at the world market. They have also found out that market entities show the tendency to use different platforms in their business activities more frequently. Major market players take interest in external innovation purchasing it at the market or interacting with other companies and even competitors. They also are interested in processing and analyzing big data and internet of things (IoT). The authors point out that demand for business incubators tends to grow as well. They have analyzed the inner changes at different stages of development of Google and the corresponding changes of competitive behaviour pattern at the corresponding markets and defined major factors which influence stable position of the company at the market. Intellectualization of economic activity of business can be considered as ambivalent: on the one hand, companies’ more frequent exploration of digital economics becomes an essential part of their successful competitive behaviour at the market, and on the other hand it appears to be the factor which effects the development of exterritorial buseness environment connected with the world processes and formation of geoeconomic space.
Despite their differences, the EU and Chinese approaches to logistic connectivity are complementary, rather than competing. Europe does not have the same financial resources to invest in infrastructure as China does, but it does have considerable expertise in the establishment of strong investment, labor, and environmental standards. Through enhanced coordination in the area of soft infrastructure, the EU could foster the adoption of its regulatory practices and principles as a model for a common connectivity framework with the rest of Eurasia. This interest could best be served by initiating cooperation with the Eurasian Economic Union.
On 15 March 2019, the first “Connecting Eurasia Dialogue: From the Atlantic to the Pacific” was held in Brussels, at Europe’s political heart. The event was organized by the Roscongress Foundation and the Conoscere Eurasia Association with the support of the Association of European Businesses and the Belgian-Luxembourg Chamber of Commerce. Amid the current political cooldown, this was a unique gathering, enabling a high-level dialogue on trade, economic, and integration issues among stakeholders from the wider Eurasian space, including the European Union (EU), the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU), and China. The focus of high-level policy makers and top business executives attended the Dialogue was on challenges and opportunities of the EU’s engagement with the EAEU, harmonization of soft infrastructure to enhance trans-Eurasian connectivity, and the EAEU’s single pharmaceutical market. This IIASA discussion paper provides a summary of the deliberations, supported by research from inside and outside the Institute.
Involvement in the global innovation system and the level of ICT influence the technologicalstateoftheBrazil,Russia, India, China and South Africa (BRICS) countries and their position in the world economy. Many studies were inspired that examined these economies from various prospective. However, only a few have specially focused on information and communication technologies (ICT), and particularly in services sectors. This paper aims to contribute to the analysis of the evolution of services ICT systems in BRICS. The main hypothesis of the article is that BRICS has made significant progress in economic cooperation, at the same time, the group has not been equally successful in designing and implementing their own agenda in the technology field. The BRICS are not released at a sufficient level of interaction and advocacy in ICT services, which would increase their role in international trade. The authors observe the retrospective of the process of formation of national innovation systems of thecountry participants of BRICS, consider current trends and challenges in the development of national markets for these services in each member country,and highlight future directions for the development. Then they provide an analysis of BRICS countries’ participation in the international ICT services trade. An estimation of revealed comparative advantage indicators allowed determining the dynamics in comparative advantage for ICT service trade in BRICS. Despite the increase in the volumeof export operations in the trade in ICT services, their level of competitiveness is declining. The most vulnerable to the reduction of revealed comparative advantage was India, at the same time Brazil and South Africa showed the least volatile dynamics. It is argued that the policies aimed at promoting investment and enhancing conditions for trade in ICT services contributed significantly to services exports expansion in BRICS. Based on the analysis, a conclusion is made about the current problems and insufficient level of technical cooperation within the group.
The relationship between material technologies and the organisation needed to use them has tantalised practitioners and fascinated theorists. This paper shows the craft-orientation of theatre performance production, analysing how a show is made through organisation, and how this craft sensibility affects the propensity to adopt new digital technologies amidst increasing pressures to do so from arts funding organisations. Using a novel process-mapping method not before applied to the cultural sector, the paper reveals how the many roles of theatre production including Directors, Set Design, Production Management, and specialist functions like sound, light and wardrobe integrate their work using traditional boundary objects and largely craft practices. The paper argues that this craft sensibility together with scepticism for mediated communication partially explains the apparent reticence of Performance Arts organisations to adopt digital technologies. Any initiative to encourage adoption needs to recognise these practices and values.
